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The wolf spider genus Aglaoctenus is revised, and of the 12 original species only two are considered valid: A . castaneus
(Mello-Leitáo) and A. lagotis (Holmberg). Eight specific names are considered junior synonyms of A. lagotis: Porrimosa
granadensis (Keyserling), P. freiburguensis (Keyserling), P. diversa (O.P.-Cambridge), P. obscura (Keyserling), P. glieschi
(Mello-Leitáo), P. callipoda (Mello-Leitáo), Aglaoctenus bifasciatus Tullgren and A. harknessi (Chamberlin). Aglaoctenus
guianensis Caporiacco, described based on an immature specimen from French Guyana is considered species inquirenda
and Porrimosa securifera Tullgren, based on a female specimen from Argentina is transferred to Orinocosa Chamberlin.
The Aglaoctenus species are distributed exclusively in South America, except Chile.
An insect inclusion in Upper Cretaceous Burmese amber contained a well preserved flat bug, Archearadus burmensis gen.
n., sp. n., which is described and figured. It is distinguished from all known genera of Aradidae by various characters that
are discussed. A catalogue is given for Aradidae from Amber deposts described to date.
This paper is the first of a series in which more information will be added to the existing on biogeographical distribution of oribatid mites. Here we describe a new species of a phthiracarid mite collected from forest floor litter in southwestern Nigeria. Differences between this species, Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) nigeriensis, and other Hoplophorella species are the foveoli on the aspis and notogaster, the shape of notogastric setae, as well as shapes and chaetotaxy of the genital and anal plates. More differences in taxonomically important features such as the morphological features of the infracapitulum and epimeron as well as leg chaetotaxy between this species and others could not be determined, not only because of lack of information on the latter in literature, but also because many type specimens are not available for dissection which must be done in order to reveal fine morphological details. Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) nigeriensis belongs to the "cucullata" group of Hoplophorella which possess one enlarged adanal seta. It differs from other members of this group in respect of adanoanal and tarsal chaetotaxy. Hoplophorella is considered as a subgenus of Atropacarus in this paper, because there is no evidence in literature that Hoplophorella as a group is a separate phylogenetic entity.
The oligochaetes Dendrodrilus rubidus (intestine/chloragog), Cognettia sphagnetorum (whole specimens), and the gastropod
Arion subfuscus (midgut gland) collected in the Egge Mountains (North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany) accumulated cadmium
(Cd) above the level of that soil horizon they preferably live in. Cd was also detected in the fat body and ovarioles of several
carabid species (Carabus problematicus, Abax parallelipipedus, Pterostichus oblongopunctatus). Seasonal variations were
apparently dependent on the activity and reproduction of the species investigated. In some tissues of field collected Carabus problematicus (intestine, fat body, ovarioles) and of experimentally Cd-stressed Lumbricus terrestris (intestine/chloragog), Enchytraeus albidus (whole specimens), Arion subfuscus (midgut gland), but also in control tissues metallothioneins (MTs) could be detected. These proteins had a low molecular mass (6 to 11 kDa), a high Cd-binding capacity, a considerable amount of cysteine and a higher extinction at 254 nm compared to 280 nm. Cd-stress induced an additional synthesis of these proteins, which was roughly estimated using the cysteine content of the crude MT-fraction.
The mesofauna communities were assessed every three months (June 1997 to March 1999), in the litter and soil of a
polyculture system (POA and POC) and from a primary (FLO) and a secondary (SEC) forest. The highest densities were
obtained in POA, due to the dominance of Oribatida. The densities of Acari Oribatida and Collembola were notably lower in
the mineral soil. For non-Oribatid Acari, the same tendency was not clearly detected. In contrary to the other groups, the
highest densities of Collembola were found in FLO. In general, densities in the litter layer were higher. Therefore, strong differences were detected between 1997, an exceptionally dry year caused by the ”EI Niño” Southern Oscillation, and 1998.
The mesofauna population was lowest in 1997 Only in 1997, was the density in FLO, POA and POC higher in the soil fraction. The pattern in SEC was not the same because of the higher amount of litter. We hypothesized that the differences
between 1997 and 1998 were a result of: 1) a reaction of the mesofauna that migrated to the mineral soil during the
extremely dry period of 1997 and 2) a consequence of the litter layer reduction that occurred in 1997, causing lower mesofauna densities. Superimposed on the micro-climatic factors, we observed the influence of the condition of the litter layer on the mesofauna densities. Depending on the physical factors, there are years of high and others with low populations. Extremely wet years could also exert an influence on the soil mesofauna and studies of long-term periods are recommended. Although there was a tendency for the Acari Non-Oribatida biomass estimated in this study to be lower than in temperate forest, the values are however higher than values recorded for many tropical forests. On the contrary, Oribatida
and Collembola biomass were characterized by lower values compared to temperate forests.
In this paper, we describe a new species of Mesoplophora collected from forest floor litter in southwestern Nigeria. Mesoplophora is a cosmopolitan genus of pytchoid mites that has been recorded from the Palaearctic region as well as Morocco
and Tchad in the Ethiopian region. M. ife an a is the first Mesoplophora species to be fully identified and described from Nigeria. Differences between this species, M. ifeana, and other Mesoplophora species recorded from Africa are observed in
respect of the number of spines on the sensillus, presence of two pairs of exobothridial setae and leg chaetotaxy. The lack of information on fine taxonomic details of adults and deutonymphs of M. africana from Tchad as well as the discrepancies in the description of certain morphological features such as organisation and chaetotaxy of the ventral plates as well as the nomenclature of setae on the aspis were noted. Attention was drawn to the unique combination of traits of both lower
and higher Oribatida in Mesoplophora, a trait which may be responsible for its ubiquitous distribution.
The architectural features of the five Nasutitermes species occurring in a Neotropical floodplain (varzea) forest on llha de
Marchantaria in central Amazonia are described: external nest and runway architecture, nest volume, nest height above ground, nesting trees, degree of polycalism). These characteristics are used to build a tentative field key to the nest-building
termite species which should be tested for its usefulness for ecological studies of central Amazonian termites.
Four new species of scytodid spiders from Brazil are described: Scytodes becki sp.n. from Niquelandia and Scytodes
eleonorae sp.n. from Sao Domingos, both in the state of Goias; Scytodes skuki sp.n. from Aripuana, Mato Grosso and
Scytodes strussmannae sp.n. from Xapuri, Acre. Together with the synanthropic species S. globula Nicolet and the Brazilian species S. itapevi Brescovit & Rheims these four new species form a distinct group within the Neotropical Scytodes, herein named "globula group" New records for S. globula and S. itapevi are also reported.