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A fossil beetle from the Upper Buntsandstein (Röt-Folge, Lower Triassic) in Karlsruhe Durlach-Eisenhafengrund is described. The specimen is one of the oldest known beetle findings in Germany. According to its stratigrafic context, the finding layer can be correlated with the Voltzia-Sandstone (E-France), which also yielded fossil beetles. The silty matrix, in which the beetle occurs, is interpreted as seasonal playa sediment. The beetle was fragmented during extraction. The lack of diagnostic features of elytra, scutellum and pronotum does not allow to assign the specimen to a family. However, the elytral humeral callus, the set off pronotum with caudolaterally concave margins combined with the size of almost 15 mm allows a diagnostic distinction from other coeval Coleoptera at least in Europe. Therefore, it is justified to refer the specimen from Durlach-Eisenhafengrund to a new genus and species: Durlachia striata.
Erysiphe platani
(2012)
This work deals in two sections with the North American plane powdery mildew Erysiphe platani, an epidemiological study and a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA ITS sequence data. Most likely, the species was introduced in South Europe at the beginning of the 1960s. In 2007, it was observed for the frst time in Germany near Freiburg (SW Germany) and obviously did not reach other German states until 2009. A detailed monitoring from 2009 to 2011 shows that the fungus continually spread north- and northeastward with a speed of roughly 190 km/year. The northernmost record is from Arendsee in the north of Sachsen-Anhalt from 2011. We assume that the species has come from the Rhone valley and the Burgundian Gate fnally entering Germany in the Upper Rhine plain. The molecular phylogenetic analyses of material of different geographic origins indicate that specimens from Germany and Italy are identical, differ slightly from those from Greece and strongly from extraeuropean (Australia, USA) material. This might indicate a considerable rate of mutation of this powdery mildew with North American origin in the new European area. In addition, the phylogenetic analyses confrm that E. platani is related to other tree-inhabiting powdery mildew species previously accommodated in the genus Microsphaera.
Seit über 100 Jahren wurden in Ungarn neogene Suiden gesammelt, doch gibt es darüber bis heute nur wenige Veröffentlichungen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt den derzeitigen Stand der Kenntnisse über die obermiozänen Suiden Ungarns und ihre evolutionären, chronologischen und biogeographischen Verhältnisse zu anderen eurasischen Suiden auf.
We provide a short history of the development of the Höwenegg quarry between 1985 and 1996, the rationale for continuing the excavations in 2003, and the progress made during the 2004-2006 campaigns. In the 2004 field season we completed our excavation at the western extent of the Main Höwenegg Trench, and retrieved a disturbed Miotragocerus skeleton in close proximity to the other two skeletons retrieved in 2003. We also opened a 5 m thick section in a trench 50 m north of the JÖRG and TOBIEN Quarry, and established the presence of vertebrate fossils and even richer deposits of fossil plant material. The 2005 and 2006 field seasons were dedicated to establishing and opening a new quarry adjacent to, and on the immediate western border of the Main Höwenegg Trench. The establishment of this new Western Quarry required extensive support from the Town of Immendingen for cutting down trees, removing a 1 m thick soil horizon with a
thick mat of roots, and undertaking trenching and bulldozing of disturbed sediments. The Western Quarry, approximately 100 m² in area, was extensively excavated by stratigraphic horizon, and initial correlations to the JÖRG and TOBIEN stratigraphic section made. We provide here statistics on the relative percentages of biotic elements collected, and their representation in our excavations. These analyses demonstrate that Unit 11, a marl where the Miotragocerus and Trionyx skeletons were excavated in 2003 and 2004, is both the richest and contains the most diverse biotic elements at the Höwenegg. These horizons were not excavated in 2004-2006 in the new Western Quarry, but will be in the 2007 field season.
The collection of the Museo de Paleontología de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (MPG) contains fossils of vertebrates from
several localities in the State Jalisco, SW-Mexico. The localities are Miocene up to Pleistocene in age. Based on investigations during a visit at the MPG in 2003 a faunal list and a short characterisation of the faunal assemblage are presented in
comparison to the localities Rancho la Brea (California, USA) and Mina (Nuevo León, NE-Mexico). Potential projects for further investigations on the fossil material and the localities are proposed.
We report the unexpected discovery of foliicolous lichen communities at several localities in the Black Forest, south-western Germany, with a total of seven truly or facultatively foliicolous taxa: Bacidina chloroticula, Fellhanera bouteillei, F. subtilis, F. viridisorediata, Fellhaneropsis myrtillicola, Gyalectidium setiferum, and Scoliciosporum curvatum. The communities are similar to those reported previously from Belgium, western Germany (Mosel valley), and Austria (Styria), apparently forming a characteristic association across central Europe (Fellhaneretum myrtillicolae SPIER & APTROOT), but are richer in species in the Black Forest than in any of the other areas studied. An identification key is provided to the species of this association in the Black Forest. Gyalectidium setiferum is new for central Europe, and Scoliciosporum curvatum is new to southern Germany.
Since these lichen communities appear to be confined to well-conserved forest and depend on favorable, warm-humid climatic conditions, their potential use as indicators of global climatic change is discussed.
Heidelberg (SW Germany) became famous for the
discovery of the lower jaw of Homo heidelbergensis
in October 1907 (Schoetensack 1908). Until the termination
of the extractions in 1962 the sand pit yielded
a rich and diverse mammalian faunal assemblage. In
2007 and the following years new preparation activities
connected to the celebrations of the centenary of
the hominid lower jaw discovery of H. heidelbergensis
produced samples of sediment (medium gravel to fine
pebble) in which at least two isolated lower cheek teeth
of macaques have been found. The finds demonstrate
the presence of Macaca sylvanus in the Mauer faunal
assemblage and represent the occurrence of a second
primate species in this Pleistocene hominid site.