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Four new species of scytodid spiders from Brazil are described: Scytodes becki sp.n. from Niquelandia and Scytodes
eleonorae sp.n. from Sao Domingos, both in the state of Goias; Scytodes skuki sp.n. from Aripuana, Mato Grosso and
Scytodes strussmannae sp.n. from Xapuri, Acre. Together with the synanthropic species S. globula Nicolet and the Brazilian species S. itapevi Brescovit & Rheims these four new species form a distinct group within the Neotropical Scytodes, herein named "globula group" New records for S. globula and S. itapevi are also reported.
The lectotype of Calliphara bipunctata Lehmann, 1920 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae: Scutellerinae), described from the Obi Islands of Indonesia, has been reexamined. The following synonymy is proposed: Calliphara caesar (Vollenhoven, 1863) = C. bipunctata Lehmann, 1920, new junior subjective synonym.
The wolf spider genus Aglaoctenus is revised, and of the 12 original species only two are considered valid: A . castaneus
(Mello-Leitáo) and A. lagotis (Holmberg). Eight specific names are considered junior synonyms of A. lagotis: Porrimosa
granadensis (Keyserling), P. freiburguensis (Keyserling), P. diversa (O.P.-Cambridge), P. obscura (Keyserling), P. glieschi
(Mello-Leitáo), P. callipoda (Mello-Leitáo), Aglaoctenus bifasciatus Tullgren and A. harknessi (Chamberlin). Aglaoctenus
guianensis Caporiacco, described based on an immature specimen from French Guyana is considered species inquirenda
and Porrimosa securifera Tullgren, based on a female specimen from Argentina is transferred to Orinocosa Chamberlin.
The Aglaoctenus species are distributed exclusively in South America, except Chile.
The morphology of the anamorphic hornbeam powdery mildew fungus Oidium carpini on Carpinus betulus is re-examined using light microscopy. All morphological features were documented by line drawings The conidiophore length is very variable and depends on which side of the leaf the conidiophores are formed. This variability is discussed with respect to the morpho-taxonomic value of conidiophore length and identification of anamorphic Erysiphales species. Furthermore, we report this species for the first time from Iran.
Erysiphe platani
(2012)
This work deals in two sections with the North American plane powdery mildew Erysiphe platani, an epidemiological study and a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA ITS sequence data. Most likely, the species was introduced in South Europe at the beginning of the 1960s. In 2007, it was observed for the frst time in Germany near Freiburg (SW Germany) and obviously did not reach other German states until 2009. A detailed monitoring from 2009 to 2011 shows that the fungus continually spread north- and northeastward with a speed of roughly 190 km/year. The northernmost record is from Arendsee in the north of Sachsen-Anhalt from 2011. We assume that the species has come from the Rhone valley and the Burgundian Gate fnally entering Germany in the Upper Rhine plain. The molecular phylogenetic analyses of material of different geographic origins indicate that specimens from Germany and Italy are identical, differ slightly from those from Greece and strongly from extraeuropean (Australia, USA) material. This might indicate a considerable rate of mutation of this powdery mildew with North American origin in the new European area. In addition, the phylogenetic analyses confrm that E. platani is related to other tree-inhabiting powdery mildew species previously accommodated in the genus Microsphaera.
The collection of the Museo de Paleontología de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (MPG) contains fossils of vertebrates from
several localities in the State Jalisco, SW-Mexico. The localities are Miocene up to Pleistocene in age. Based on investigations during a visit at the MPG in 2003 a faunal list and a short characterisation of the faunal assemblage are presented in
comparison to the localities Rancho la Brea (California, USA) and Mina (Nuevo León, NE-Mexico). Potential projects for further investigations on the fossil material and the localities are proposed.
Heidelberg (SW Germany) became famous for the
discovery of the lower jaw of Homo heidelbergensis
in October 1907 (Schoetensack 1908). Until the termination
of the extractions in 1962 the sand pit yielded
a rich and diverse mammalian faunal assemblage. In
2007 and the following years new preparation activities
connected to the celebrations of the centenary of
the hominid lower jaw discovery of H. heidelbergensis
produced samples of sediment (medium gravel to fine
pebble) in which at least two isolated lower cheek teeth
of macaques have been found. The finds demonstrate
the presence of Macaca sylvanus in the Mauer faunal
assemblage and represent the occurrence of a second
primate species in this Pleistocene hominid site.