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Heteroptera of Lebanon
(2014)
Atractotomus riegeri sp. nov. from North Lebanon, where it was collected on Abies cilicica in two different localities, is described and illustrated. The new species is easily separated from all other Palaearctic Atractotomus by the unique shape of its second antennal segment, regularly and remarkably infated in both sexes. A key to the males of Palaearctic Atractotomus, partly based on that by Stonedahl (1990), has been provided in order to facilitate the recognition of the species.
One new species, Holhymenia riegeri nov. spec., is described from Bolivia and Ecuador. Holhymenia intermedia (Burmeister,1835) and H. tibialis Breddin, 1904, are considered junior synonyms of H. clavigera (Herbst, 1784); new records of H. histrio (Fabricius, 1803), H. persimilis Breddin, 1903, H. rubiginosa Breddin, 1904, and H. scenica (Stål, 1865) are given; a key to all known species is included.
Alien Heteroptera in Belgium
(2014)
The authors describe Adpiasus riegeri sp. nov. (Insecta, Heteroptera, Miridae, Mirini), a new species of the genus from French Guyana. It is compared with the three existing species of the genus Adpiasus Carvalo & Schaffner, 1973, A. punctatus Carvalho & Schaffner, 1973, and A. mayanus Carvalho & Schaffner, 1973, from Mexico, as well as A. ecuadorianus Carvalho &
Carpintero, 1986, from Ecuador. The characteristic features of the new species are described in detail and illustrated by photographs. Adpiasus mayanus is recorded for the frst time from French Guyana.
An inclusion in Miocene Dominican amber contained a well preserved velvety shore bug (Ochteridae), Riegerochterus baehri gen. nov., spec. nov., which is described and figured in this article. This is the first fossil representative of the family recorded from Cenozoic, as all previously described taxa are much older, e.g. from the Early Jurassic of England and the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of China. It is distinguished from all extant genera of Ochteridae by several distinct characters that are shortly discussed. Figures and photos of representatives of fossil (Riegerochterus) and recent (Megochterus, Ochterus and Ocyochterus) genera are provided.
A new species of Tingis (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) is described from the Spanish provinces of Valencia, Alicante, Murcia and Almería (southeastern Iberian Peninsula). Tingis (Tropidocheila) christianriegeri n. sp. is very similar to T. alberensis Péricart, 1979, and also seems to depend on plants of the genus Sideritis. However, it is easily distinguished by its dorsal setae, besides differences in distribution and, presumably, plant host species.
Additional information on the distribution of eleven species of stilt bugs (Heteroptera, Berytidae) from the Afrotropical region is reported and discussed with respect to the major biomes of Africa. For some species, remarks on ecology, identifcation and taxonomy are included. New country records are indicated for Gampsoacantha pumilio, Gampsocoris africanus cornutus, Micrometacanthus trichoferus, Cametanthus madagascariensis, Metacanthus microphthalmus, M. mollis, M. nitidus,
Neostusakia picticornis and Yemma gracilis.
Orthotylus (Pachylops) neoriegeri sp. n. is described from Morocco (South Anti-Atlas). Colour dorsal habitus and illustrations of male and female genitalia are provided. The specimens were collected by beating Cytisus balansae (Fabaceae). Based on the pilosity, the male genitalia and the host-plant association, the new species is placed in the subgenus Pachylops Fieber, 1858.
It differs from the other species mainly by the brown coloration and the phallic sclerotized appendages of the male. Host-plant association within the subgenus Pachylops is briefy discussed.
Three new Geotomine species of the genus Paraethus Lis, 1994, have been discovered in the collection of the Muséum national d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris). Description of these species, Paraethus riegeri n. sp. and P. raunoi n. sp. from Africa and P. lisi n. sp. from Australia are given with illustration of male and female genitalia. The African species Aethus seyidiensis Jeannel, 1913, is transferred to Paraethus. New localities are given for this species. Additional generic characters are given for
Paraethus as well as a key to species of the genus.
The lectotype of Calliphara bipunctata Lehmann, 1920 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae: Scutellerinae), described from the Obi Islands of Indonesia, has been reexamined. The following synonymy is proposed: Calliphara caesar (Vollenhoven, 1863) = C. bipunctata Lehmann, 1920, new junior subjective synonym.
Erysiphe platani
(2012)
This work deals in two sections with the North American plane powdery mildew Erysiphe platani, an epidemiological study and a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA ITS sequence data. Most likely, the species was introduced in South Europe at the beginning of the 1960s. In 2007, it was observed for the frst time in Germany near Freiburg (SW Germany) and obviously did not reach other German states until 2009. A detailed monitoring from 2009 to 2011 shows that the fungus continually spread north- and northeastward with a speed of roughly 190 km/year. The northernmost record is from Arendsee in the north of Sachsen-Anhalt from 2011. We assume that the species has come from the Rhone valley and the Burgundian Gate fnally entering Germany in the Upper Rhine plain. The molecular phylogenetic analyses of material of different geographic origins indicate that specimens from Germany and Italy are identical, differ slightly from those from Greece and strongly from extraeuropean (Australia, USA) material. This might indicate a considerable rate of mutation of this powdery mildew with North American origin in the new European area. In addition, the phylogenetic analyses confrm that E. platani is related to other tree-inhabiting powdery mildew species previously accommodated in the genus Microsphaera.
The mesofauna communities were assessed every three months (June 1997 to March 1999), in the litter and soil of a
polyculture system (POA and POC) and from a primary (FLO) and a secondary (SEC) forest. The highest densities were
obtained in POA, due to the dominance of Oribatida. The densities of Acari Oribatida and Collembola were notably lower in
the mineral soil. For non-Oribatid Acari, the same tendency was not clearly detected. In contrary to the other groups, the
highest densities of Collembola were found in FLO. In general, densities in the litter layer were higher. Therefore, strong differences were detected between 1997, an exceptionally dry year caused by the ”EI Niño” Southern Oscillation, and 1998.
The mesofauna population was lowest in 1997 Only in 1997, was the density in FLO, POA and POC higher in the soil fraction. The pattern in SEC was not the same because of the higher amount of litter. We hypothesized that the differences
between 1997 and 1998 were a result of: 1) a reaction of the mesofauna that migrated to the mineral soil during the
extremely dry period of 1997 and 2) a consequence of the litter layer reduction that occurred in 1997, causing lower mesofauna densities. Superimposed on the micro-climatic factors, we observed the influence of the condition of the litter layer on the mesofauna densities. Depending on the physical factors, there are years of high and others with low populations. Extremely wet years could also exert an influence on the soil mesofauna and studies of long-term periods are recommended. Although there was a tendency for the Acari Non-Oribatida biomass estimated in this study to be lower than in temperate forest, the values are however higher than values recorded for many tropical forests. On the contrary, Oribatida
and Collembola biomass were characterized by lower values compared to temperate forests.
The oligochaetes Dendrodrilus rubidus (intestine/chloragog), Cognettia sphagnetorum (whole specimens), and the gastropod
Arion subfuscus (midgut gland) collected in the Egge Mountains (North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany) accumulated cadmium
(Cd) above the level of that soil horizon they preferably live in. Cd was also detected in the fat body and ovarioles of several
carabid species (Carabus problematicus, Abax parallelipipedus, Pterostichus oblongopunctatus). Seasonal variations were
apparently dependent on the activity and reproduction of the species investigated. In some tissues of field collected Carabus problematicus (intestine, fat body, ovarioles) and of experimentally Cd-stressed Lumbricus terrestris (intestine/chloragog), Enchytraeus albidus (whole specimens), Arion subfuscus (midgut gland), but also in control tissues metallothioneins (MTs) could be detected. These proteins had a low molecular mass (6 to 11 kDa), a high Cd-binding capacity, a considerable amount of cysteine and a higher extinction at 254 nm compared to 280 nm. Cd-stress induced an additional synthesis of these proteins, which was roughly estimated using the cysteine content of the crude MT-fraction.